新环境配置

最近由于要部署网站到新服务器，为方便操作要安装一些软件比如vim、ranger、zsh、lazygit。曾经从Ubuntu换到ArchLinux再换到MacOS，期间都是上网搜的教程部署，想着留得青山在，就不怕没柴烧的想法，就部署部署就没了，期间遇到的一些问题和搜到的解决方案也是解决后就扔了，没有记录存档下来。因此最近部署重新安装时又要费时上网搜，于是打算记录一下个人的安装教程，以便后续复用，减少配置环境的时间。

总命令

#!/bin/bash

# update
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

need_install(){
    sudo apt install nodejs npm tmux nginx -y
    sudo npm install -g pm2
}

zsh_install(){
    # install zsh, git
    sudo apt install zsh git unzip -y
    chsh -s /bin/zsh
    # install oh my zsh
    curl -fsSL https://gh-proxy.com/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh -o install.sh
    sed -i "73c REMOTE=${REMOTE:-https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/${REPO}.git}" install.sh
    bash install.sh
    rm install.sh

    # install dracula theme
    wget https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/dracula/zsh/archive/master.zip
    unzip master.zip
    mv zsh-master/dracula.zsh-theme ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes
    mv zsh-master/lib ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes
    rm master.zip
    rm -rf zsh-master
    git clone https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
    git clone https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
    sed -i "11c ZSH_THEME=\"dracula\"" ~/.zshrc
    sed -i "73c plugins=( git cp z wd sudo colored-man-pages zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting web-search extract )" ~/.zshrc
}

nvim_install(){
    # install nvim
    sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:neovim-ppa/stable
    sudo apt update
    sudo apt install -y neovim
    # remove vi vim
    sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/vi
    sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/vim
    sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nvim /usr/bin/vi
    sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nvim /usr/bin/vim
    # install vim plug
    curl -fLo ~/.config/nvim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs https://gh-proxy.com/https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim
    # install nodejs npm
    sudo apt install nodejs npm
}



lazygit_install(){
    LAZYGIT_VERSION=$(curl -s "https://api.github.com/repos/jesseduffield/lazygit/releases/latest" | \grep -Po '"tag_name": *"v\K[^"]*')
    curl -Lo lazygit.tar.gz "https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/jesseduffield/lazygit/releases/download/v${LAZYGIT_VERSION}/lazygit_${LAZYGIT_VERSION}_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz"
    tar xf lazygit.tar.gz lazygit
    sudo install lazygit -D -t /usr/local/bin/
}

yazi_install(){
    YAZI_VERSION=$(curl -s "https://api.github.com/repos/sxyazi/yazi/releases/latest" | \grep -Po '"tag_name": *"v\K[^"]*')
    curl -Lo yazi.tar.gz "https://gh-proxy.com/https://github.com/sxyazi/yazi/releases/download/v${YAZI_VERSION}/yazi-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.zip"
    unzip yazi.tar.gz
    cd yazi-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
    sudo install ya yazi -D -t /usr/local/bin/
    cd ..
    rm -rf yazi-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
}

echo "Do you wish to install zsh?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
    case $yn in
        Yes )
            zsh_install
            ;;
        No )
            ;;
    esac
done

echo "Do you wish to install nvim?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
    case $yn in
        Yes )
            nvim_install
            ;;
        No )
            ;;
    esac
done

echo "Do you wish to install yazi?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
    case $yn in
        Yes )
            lazygit_install
            ;;
        No )
            ;;
    esac
done

echo "Do you wish to install ranger?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
    case $yn in
        Yes )
            ranger_install
            ;;
        No )
            ;;
    esac
done

初始化

刚买的服务器首先要更新软件版本信息

# Ubuntu
# 更新软件源信息
sudo apt update     
# 更新软件
sudo apt upgrade

# ArchLinux
# 更新软件源信息+软件
sudo pacman -Syyu

# MacOS
# 更新软件源信息
brew update
# 更新软件
brew upgrade

zsh

安装

zsh相比bash有非常棒的历史命令补全和优化的Tab补全，在输入搜索文件文本命令find . -type f | xargs grep "zsh时能节省大量时间以及可以按Tab选择补全项。

# 安装zsh
sudo apt install zsh

# 将zsh设置为默认shell
chsh -s /bin/zsh

重新登录终端即替换成zsh。

关于zsh可以修改~/.zshrc文件。

oh my zsh

安装

oh my zsh是一个配置zsh的框架，可以方便设置主题，添加插件等。

# 需要安装git
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

主题

安装主题dracula

wget https://github.com/dracula/zsh/archive/master.zip
unzip master.zip
mv dracula.zsh-theme/dracula.zsh-theme ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes
mv dracula.zsh-theme/lib ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes
rm master.zip
rm -rf dracula.zsh-theme

编辑~/.zshrc文件，修改主题为ZSH_THEME="dracula"

插件

oh my zsh内置挺多插件的，一般用到的如下

plugins=(
# 提供了git常用命令的别名，但由于用lazygit这个很少用到
    git
# 提供cpv命令带有进度条的rsync功能
    cp
# 记录跳转目录频率，输入文件夹名即可跳转
    z
# 给目录添加别名功能，方便跳转
    wd
# 按两下esc即可加sudo
    sudo
# 让man手册彩色易读
    colored-man-pages
# zsh自动补全
    zsh-autosuggestions
# zsh语法高亮，如不可执行命令为红色否则为绿色
    zsh-syntax-highlighting
# 网页搜索
    web-search
# 一键解压
    extract
# vi模式，默认插入模式
    vi-mode
)

其中自动补全和语法高亮需要额外下载。

git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

Vim

安装

一开始用Vim后来用NVim，感觉也没太大差别。

# 安装管理源的工具
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
# 添加新源，安装neovim
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:neovim-ppa/stable
# 更新软件源信息
sudo apt update
# 安装neovim
sudo apt install -y neovim

然后把vi和vim都删了（

sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/vi 
sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/vim
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nvim /usr/bin/vi
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/nvim /usr/bin/vim

插件

vim推荐用vim-plug管理插件。

curl -fLo ~/.config/nvim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim

语法高亮用的是coc.nvim，需要安装nodejs和npm

sudo apt install nodejs npm

编辑~/.config/nvim/init.vim文件（没有就新建）。

Lazygit

Lazygit是一个图形化（？但还是键盘操控）的git。

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lazygit-team/release
sudo apt update
sudo apt install lazygit

然后终端输入lazygit就可以打开了

ranger

参考学习博客

sudo apt install ranger

终端输入ranger就可以打开了

然后创建配置文件

ranger --copy-config=all

编辑~/.config/ranger/rc.conf

个人就修改了几个常用的路径跳转指令

# 74行打开预览图片
set preview_images true

map gd cd ~/Documents
map gD cd ~/Downloads
map gl cd ~/Documents/Latex
map gc cd ~/Documents/Code

预览图片需要安装w3m-img

sudo apt install w3m-img

然后添加ranger的文件图标

git clone https://github.com/alexanderjeurissen/ranger_devicons ~/.config/ranger/plugins/ranger_devicons
echo "default_linemode devicons" >> $HOME/.config/ranger/rc.conf

安装highlight以启动ranger的代码预览高亮

sudo apt install highlight